Numbers are numerical values and can be integer or floating values.

In Ruby, Numbers data types are used to store numerical values for a variable.

  • Ruby integers

Integers are numerical values without decimal values. For example, 1,455 are integers.

Integers contain different type of numerical values such as binary, octal, hex and decimal values

  • Decimal are numbers containing 0 to 9 digits. Base is 10 Examples are 11, 19
  • Octal Numbers are numbers containing 0 to 7, Base is 8. These numbers are declared by the prefix 0. For example, decimal 9 is represented in 011 in octal form.
  • Hexa decimals are numbers that contain 0-9 and A digits. The base is 16. These numbers are prefixed with 0x. Example numbers are 0x1b.
  • Binary Numbers are numbers that contain 0 or 1. The base is 2. These numbers are prefixed with 0b.

Here an examples

number = 90
# Prefix 0 for the octal number
number1 = 011   # Outputs 9
# Prefix 0X for Hexa Decimal  number
number2 = 0X1b   # Outputs 27

# Prefix 0X for Hexa Decimal  number
number3 = 0b11   # Outputs 2
  • Ruby Floating Numbers

Floating numbers are numbers that contains decimals, It can be in two forms Numbers with decimals

number=1.11

Another way to represent exponentiation numbers in representing the scientific calculation

number=3.4e2 # Outputs 3.4 * 10 power 2

Ruby Number Conversion methods

  • to_i: convert a floating number to an integer
number = 11.12.to_i
puts number # 11
  • to_f: convert an integer to floating number
number = 12.to_f
puts number # 12.0
  • to_r: converts the value as a rational number
number = 3.to_r
puts number # 2/1

Ruby number types

  • Rational Number
  • Bignum
  • BigDecimal
  • Complex Number
  • Prime Number
  • Random Number
  • Range of Numbers